PSG has now secured the season-opening trophy on 14 different times.
Paris Saint-Germain needed a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a perfect spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders appeared to be sailing towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown featuring the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring early on.
Yet, Marseille struck twice in the closing moments to seize a shock lead. Initially, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable twist of events, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a crucial leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial kicks from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a convincing penalty win.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the 12th time in the past 13 years.